What is Knee Replacement?

Knee replacement, also known as total knee arthroplasty (TKR), is a surgical procedure in which a damaged knee joint is replaced with an artificial joint made of metal and plastic components. It is primarily recommended for individuals experiencing severe knee pain and mobility issues due to conditions such as:

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Identifying the Signs

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Severe Knee Pain

Persistent pain that worsens with movement and does not improve with medication or therapy

Chronic Knee

Swelling and stiffness that do not subside despite rest or anti-inflammatory treatments

Joint Instability

Weakness or a feeling of the knee giving out making walking and standing difficult

Reduced Mobility

Difficulty in performing routine activities like walking, climbing stairs, or bending the knee

Failure of Conservative Treatments

Medications, therapy, lifestyle changes, injections, or surgery manage joint pain.

Bone-on-Bone Contact

X-ray shows severe joint damage or narrowed space, indicating bone-on-bone arthritis.

Types

Total Knee Replacement (TKR)

he entire knee joint, including femoral, tibial, and patellar components, is replaced with prosthetic implants. This procedure is widely performed to restore function, alleviate pain, and enhance mobility in patients suffering from severe knee joint damage due to arthritis or injury.

Partial Knee Replacement (Unicompartmental Knee Replacement)

Only the damaged knee portion is replaced, preserving healthy tissue, ideal for localized knee damage patients.

Complex or Revision Knee Replacement

Conducted when a previous knee replacement fails due to infection, implant loosening, or wear. It involves replacing part or all of the previous implant.

Bilateral Knee Replacement

Bilateral knee replacement is done when both knees need replacement, either simultaneously in one surgery or staged, replacing one knee at a time. It helps restore mobility and relieve pain in severe arthritis cases

Minimally Invasive Knee Replacement

Uses smaller incisions and advanced techniques to reduce tissue damage, resulting in a faster recovery and less post-operative pain.

Gender-Specific Knee Replacement

Custom-designed implants to match anatomical differences between male and female knees for improved fit, comfort, and function.

Causes

Osteoarthritis

Cartilage wear causes knee pain, stiffness, reduced mobility, and worsens over time.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmune disorder inflaming knee joint lining, causing pain and deformity

Post-Traumatic Arthritis

Arthritis occurs after knee injuries like ligament tears or fractures

Knee Fractures

Severe fractures involving the knee joint can lead to long-term damage, necessitating joint replacement.

Avascular Necrosis

A condition where reduced blood supply to the knee bone leads to tissue death, causing joint deterioration.

Other Causes

Genetic predisposition, obesity, infections, and metabolic disorders can also contribute to knee joint damage.

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